Description
Application Enzyme breaks down the cell walls of bacteria; used to prepare spheroplasts.
Biochem/physiol Actions Lysozyme hydrolyzes β（1→4） linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. Gram-positive cells are quite susceptible to this hydrolysis as their cell walls have a high proportion of peptidoglycan. Gram-negative bacteria are less susceptible due to the presence of an outer membrane and a lower proportion of peptidoglycan. However, these cells may be hydrolyzed in the presence of EDTA that chelates metal ions in the outer bacterial membrane.

The enzyme is active over a broad pH range （6.0 to 9.0）. At pH 6.2, maximal activity is observed over a wider range of ionic strengths （0.02 to 0.100 M） than at pH 9.2 （0.01 to 0.06 M）.
Other Notes Suitable for the hydrolysis of bacterial cell walls, mucopolysaccharides, mucopolypeptides or chitin; degradability of L. lactis subsp. cremoris H2 cell walls1; Review2,3,4 
Unit Definition 1 U corresponds to the amount of enzyme which decreases the absorbance at 450 nm by 0.001 per minute at pH 7.0 and 25°C （Micrococcus luteus, ATCC 4698, as substrate）

Properties
form powder
quality dialyzed
  lyophilized
mol wt single-chain mol wt 14.3 kDa
  Mr ~14600
storage temp. 2-8°C

Safety
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 （US）, type P1 （EN143） respirator filter
Safety Statements 22-24/25
WGK Germany 3
RTECS OL5989000

References
Cited Reference 1. T. Coolbear et al. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58, 3263, （1992） Abstract
  2. P. Jolles, J. Jolles Mol. Cell Biochem. 63, 165, （1984） Abstract
  3. L. Stevens Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B: Comp. Biochem. 100B, 1, （1991）
  4. R.W. Franck Bioorg. Chem. 20, 77, （1992）
reference Jolles, P. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 8, 227-239, （1969）
  Rupley, J.A. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 83, 245-255, （1964）
  Holler, H., et al. Biochemistry 14, 2377-2385, （1975）
  Canfield, R.E. J. Biol. Chem. 238, 2698-2707, （1963）
  Davies, R.C., et al. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 178, 294-305, （1969）

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提供商 语言
Lysozyme  英文
SigmaAldrich  英文

 
溶菌酶 用途与合成方法
化学性质  白色或微白色冻干粉，溶于水，不溶于乙醚和丙酮，pI为11.0-11.35，zui适pH值6.5。稳定性：酸性介质中可稳定存在，碱性介质中易失活；96℃， pH值为3条件下，15min后活力保持87%。抑制剂有碘、咪唑和吲哚衍生物、表面活性剂（十二烷基硫酸钠、醇类和碳链不少于12的脂肪酸）。1%水溶液在281.5nm处的吸光系数为26.4。通过水解细菌细胞壁的肽聚糖来溶菌，酶反应： Micrococcus luteus或Micrococcus lysodeikticus菌悬浮液═溶菌并澄清。
用途  用于生化研究，临床上用于急慢性咽喉炎、扁平苔癣、扁平疣等疾病的治疗。
生产方法  以蛋清为原料，在pH6.5条件下用弱酸性阳离子交换树脂732吸附后，再用硫酸铵洗脱，经透析后冷冻干燥得产品。