Description
Application Polygalacturonic acid sequesters metal ions. It also produces gels in the presence of Ca2+ that can be used for drug release or to immobilize cells or enzymes for the production of biomolecules.
Biochem/physiol Actions In land plants, polygalacturonic acids are major components of cell wall polysaccharides （pectins）. Bound polygalacturonase-inhibiting peptides （PGIP） protect pectin from degradation by fungal polygalacturonases.

Properties
biological source from from oranges
assay ≥85% （titration）
solubility aqueous NaOH: 1%, clear to hazy

Safety
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 （US）, type P1 （EN143） respirator filter
WGK Germany 3

References
reference Willats, W.G., et al., Pectin: cell biology and prospects for functional analysis. Plant Mol. Biol. 47, 9-27, （2001） Abstract
  Ridley, B.L., et al., Pectins: structure, biosynthesis, and oligogalacturonide-related signaling. Phytochemistry 57, 929-967, （2001） Abstract
  Spadoni, S., et al., Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein interacts with pectin through a binding site formed by four clustered residues of arginine and lysine. Plant Physiol. 141, 557-564, （2006） Abstract
  Kurillova, L., et al., Calcium pectate gel beads for cell entrapment. 6. Morphology of stabilized and hardened calcium pectate gel beads with cells for immobilized biotechnology. J. Microencapsul. 17, 279-296, （2000） Abstract
  Hiorth, M., et al., Immersion coating of pellets with calcium pectinate and chitosan. Int. J. Pharm. 308, 25-32, （2006） Abstract
  Cheng, K., and Lim, L.Y., Insulin-loaded calcium pectinate nanoparticles: effects of pectin molecular weight and formulation pH. Drug Devel. Ind. Pharm. 30, 359-367, （2004）
  Wiedmer, S.K., et al., Electrophoretic studies of polygalacturonate oligomers and their interactions with metal ions. Electrophoresis 21, 3212-3219, （2000） Abstract

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